GATE XE (Engineering Sciences) 2024 Question Paper & Solutions
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All GATE XE (Engineering Sciences) papers
87 questions.
General Aptitude
Question 1
Marks: 1
If ‘→’ denotes increasing order of intensity, then the meaning of the words [walk → jog → sprint] is analogous to [bothered → ________ → daunted]. Which one of the given options is appropriate to fill the blank?
- A. phased
- B. phrased
- C. fazed
- D. fused
Answer: C. fazed
Question 2
Marks: 1
Two wizards try to create a spell using all the four elements, water, air, fire, and earth. For this, they decide to mix all these elements in all possible orders. They also decide to work independently. After trying all possible combination of elements, they conclude that the spell does not work. How many attempts does each wizard make before coming to this conclusion, independently?
Answer: A. 24
Question 3
Marks: 1
In an engineering college of 10,000 students, 1,500 like neither their core branches nor other branches. The number of students who like their core branches is 1/4th of the number of students who like other branches. The number of students who like both their core and other branches is 500. The number of students who like their core branches is
- A. 1,800
- B. 3,500
- C. 1,600
- D. 1,500
Answer: A. 1,800
Question 4
Marks: 1
For positive non-zero real variables 𝑥 and 𝑦, if ln (𝑥+ 𝑦 2 ) = 1 2 [ln(𝑥) + ln(𝑦)] then, the value of 𝑥 𝑦+ 𝑦 𝑥 is
Answer: C. 2
Question 5
Marks: 1
In the sequence 6, 9, 14, x, 30, 41, a possible value of 𝑥 is
Answer: B. 21
Question 6
Marks: 2
Sequence the following sentences in a coherent passage. P: This fortuitous geological event generated a colossal amount of energy and heat that resulted in the rocks rising to an average height of 4 km across the contact zone. Q: Thus, the geophysicists tend to think of the Himalayas as an active geological event rather than as a static geological feature. R: The natural process of the cooling of this massive edifice absorbed large quantities of atmospheric carbon dioxide, altering the earth’s atmosphere and making it better suited for life. S: Many millennia ago, a breakaway chunk of bedrock from the Antarctic Plate collided with the massive Eurasian Plate.
- A. QPSR
- B. QSPR
- C. SPRQ
- D. SRPQ
Answer: C. SPRQ
Question 7
Marks: 2
A person sold two different items at the same price. He made 10% profit in one item, and 10% loss in the other item. In selling these two items, the person made a total of
- A. 1% profit
- B. 2% profit
- C. 1% loss
- D. 2% loss
Answer: C. 1% loss
Question 8
Marks: 2
The pie charts depict the shares of various power generation technologies in the total electricity generation of a country for the years 2007 and 2023. The renewable sources of electricity generation consist of Hydro, Solar and Wind. Assuming that the total electricity generated remains the same from 2007 to 2023, what is the percentage increase in the share of the renewable sources of electricity generation over this period?

- A. 25%
- B. 50%
- C. 77.5%
- D. 62.5% Coal 35% Gas 25% Wind 5% Hydro 30% Solar 5% Year 2007 Coal 20% Gas 15% Wind 10% Hydro 35% Solar 20% Year 2023
Answer: D. 62.5% Coal 35% Gas 25% Wind 5% Hydro 30% Solar 5% Year 2007 Coal 20% Gas 15% Wind 10% Hydro 35% Solar 20% Year 2023
Question 9
Marks: 2
A cube is to be cut into 8 pieces of equal size and shape. Here, each cut should be straight and it should not stop till it reaches the other end of the cube. The minimum number of such cuts required is
Answer: A. 3
Question 10
Marks: 2
In the 4 × 4 array shown below, each cell of the first three rows has either a cross (X) or a number. The number in a cell represents the count of the immediate neighboring cells (left, right, top, bottom, diagonals) NOT having a cross (X). Given that the last row has no crosses (X), the sum of the four numbers to be filled in the last row is

Answer: A. 11
Engineering Mathematics
Question 11
Marks: 1
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = {𝜋+ 𝑥, −𝜋≤𝑥< 0, 0,0 ≤𝑥< 𝜋, with 𝑓(𝑥+ 2𝜋) = 𝑓(𝑥). If 𝐹(𝑥) represents the Fourier series of 𝑓(𝑥), then the value of 𝐹(− 𝜋 2) + 𝐹(0) is
Answer: C. 𝜋
Question 12
Marks: 1
Let 𝑦 be a non-zero quadratic polynomial satisfying the differential equation (2 + 𝑥2) 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑥2 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥−𝑘𝑦= 0, where 𝑘 is a real constant. If 𝑦(1) = 1, then the value of the integral ∫2𝑦𝑑𝑥 1 0 is
Answer: D. 4 3
Question 13
Marks: 1
There are four cities, namely, 𝐶1, 𝐶2, 𝐶3 and 𝐶4. The cities are directly connected by four roads as shown in the picture given below, that is, 𝐶1 is connected with 𝐶2, 𝐶2 is connected with 𝐶3, 𝐶3 is connected with 𝐶4, and 𝐶4 is connected with 𝐶1. The probability of any road getting independently blocked is 1 3 . Let 𝐸1 be the event of travelling from 𝐶1 to 𝐶3 via 𝐶2 and 𝐸2 be the event of travelling from 𝐶1 to 𝐶3 via 𝐶4. Then, which of the following statements is correct ?

- A. 𝑃(𝐸1 ∪𝐸2) = 56 81
- B. 𝑃(𝐸1 ∪𝐸2) = 8 9
- C. 𝑃(𝐸1|𝐸2) ≠𝑃(𝐸1) = 4 9
- D. 𝑃(𝐸1 ∩𝐸2) = 0
Answer: A. 𝑃(𝐸1 ∪𝐸2) = 56 81
Question 14
Marks: 1
Assume that 𝑓: [0, 1] →ℝ is continuous on [0, 1] and differentiable on (0, 1) such that 𝑓(𝑥+ ℎ) = 𝑓(𝑥) + ℎ𝑓′(𝑥+ 𝜃ℎ) for some 0 < 𝜃< 1. If 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2(1 + 𝑥), and 𝜃 is expressed in terms of 𝑥 and ℎ, then the value of lim ℎ→0 𝜃(𝑥, ℎ) is
Answer: B. 1 2
Question 15
Type: NAT | Marks: 1
Let 𝐴 be a 3 × 3 matrix whose eigenvalues are 2, 3, 4 and let 𝐼 be the identity matrix of order 3. If 𝐴−1 = 1 2𝑘(𝐴2 −9𝐴) + 13 𝑘𝐼 for some integer 𝑘≠0, then the value of 𝑘 is ______
Answer: 12
Question 16
Type: NAT | Marks: 1
For some integer 𝑘, the differential equation 𝑥2 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑥2 −3𝑥𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥+ (𝑘+ 2)𝑦= 0 is transformed into (𝐷−2)2𝑦= 0, where 𝐷= 𝑑 𝑑𝑡 and 𝑡= log𝑒𝑥. Then, the value of 𝑘 is _____
Answer: 2
Question 17
Type: NAT | Marks: 1
The approximate value (rounded off to two decimal places) of the integral ∫𝑒−𝑥2𝑑𝑥 1/2 0 , using the Trapezoidal rule with step-size ℎ= 1 8 , is ______
Answer: 0.42 to 0.55
Question 18
Marks: 2
Consider 𝑓(𝑧) = 𝑒𝑧, where 𝑧= 𝑥+ 𝑖𝑦and 𝑖= √−1. Which of the following statements is correct ?
- A. 𝑓 is periodic
- B. 𝑓 is not periodic
- C. |𝑓| = 1
- D. arg(𝑓) = 𝑦± 𝑛𝜋forall𝑛= 0, 1, 2, …
Answer: A. 𝑓 is periodic
Question 19
Type: MSQ | Marks: 2
Let 𝑃 and 𝑄 be two square matrices of the same order. Then, which of the following matrices is/are necessarily equal to (𝑃+ 2𝑄)2 ?
- A. 𝑃2 + 4𝑃𝑄+ 4𝑄2
- B. 𝑃(𝑃+ 2𝑄) + 𝑄(2𝑃+ 4𝑄)
- C. (𝑃+ 2𝑄)(2𝑄+ 𝑃)
- D. 𝑃2 + 2𝑃𝑄+ 2𝑄𝑃+ 4𝑄2
Answer: B. 𝑃(𝑃+ 2𝑄) + 𝑄(2𝑃+ 4𝑄); C. (𝑃+ 2𝑄)(2𝑄+ 𝑃); D. 𝑃2 + 2𝑃𝑄+ 2𝑄𝑃+ 4𝑄2
Question 20
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
If ∫ ∫𝑒𝑦3 1 √𝑥/𝛼 𝛼 0 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥= 𝑒−1, 𝛼> 0, then the value (in integer) of 𝛼 is _____
Answer: 3
Question 21
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
Consider the vector field 𝐹⃗⃗⃗ = (2𝑥+ 𝑦2)𝑖̂ + (2𝑥𝑦+ 3𝑦)𝑗̂ and 𝛼𝑚= ∫ 𝐹⃗⃗⃗ 𝐶𝑚 ⋅𝑑𝑟 , 𝑚= 1, 2, where 𝐶1 is an arc of the unit circle connecting the points (1, 0) and (0, 1) and 𝐶2 is the straight line connecting the points (1, 0) and (0, 1). Then, the value (in integer) of 2(𝛼1 2 + 3𝛼2 2) is ______
Answer: 2
Fluid Mechanics
Question 22
Marks: 1
Which one of the following figures shows the CORRECT dependence of apparent viscosity (η) on rate of shear strain (𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑦) for pseudoplastic fluids?

Answer: B.
Question 23
Marks: 1
The locus of temporary locations of all particles that have passed through a fixed point in the flow field at a particular instant is known as
- A. streamline.
- B. streakline.
- C. pathline.
- D. timeline.
Answer: B. streakline.
Question 24
Marks: 1
Consider the velocities 𝑢, 𝑣, and 𝑤 in x-, y-, and z-directions, respectively. The vorticity expression in the y-z plane is
- A. 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑥−𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑦
- B. 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑦−𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑧
- C. 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑦−𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑧
- D. 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑧−𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑥
Answer: C. 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑦−𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑧
Question 25
Marks: 1
For the laminar, incompressible flow over a flat plate with uniform free stream velocity, the axial pressure gradient within the boundary layer is
- A. greater than zero.
- B. less than zero.
- C. equal to zero.
- D. equal to the axial velocity gradient.
Answer: C. equal to zero.
Question 26
Marks: 1
Let 𝑟 , 𝑉⃗ , and 𝑚 be position vector, velocity vector, and mass, respectively in a control mass system. Which one of the following properties is considered as conserved extensive property in Reynolds Transport Theorem to obtain the angular momentum equation?
- A. 𝑟 × 𝑚𝑉⃗
- B. 𝑟 × 𝑉⃗
- C. 𝑚𝑉⃗
- D. 𝑚
Answer: A. 𝑟 × 𝑚𝑉⃗
Question 27
Marks: 1
The hydraulic diameter for a circular pipe of radius 𝑅 is
Answer: C. 2R
Question 28
Marks: 1
For incompressible, laminar, fully-developed flow through a circular pipe, Darcy friction factor and Fanning friction factor are represented as 𝑓 and 𝐶𝑓, respectively. Which one of the following options is correct?
- A. 𝑓= 0.25𝐶𝑓
- B. 𝑓= 0.5𝐶𝑓
- C. 𝑓= 2𝐶𝑓
- D. 𝑓= 4𝐶𝑓
Answer: D. 𝑓= 4𝐶𝑓
Question 29
Marks: 1
For an immersed neutrally buoyant body to be in stable equilibrium, the center of gravity of the body is directly
- A. above the metacenter.
- B. below the metacenter.
- C. above the center of buoyancy.
- D. below the center of buoyancy.
Answer: D. below the center of buoyancy.
Question 30
Type: NAT | Marks: 1
The absolute pressure in a chamber is measured as 400 mm Hg at a location where the atmospheric pressure is 700 mm Hg. A vacuum gauge connected to the chamber reads ________ mm Hg (answer in integer).
Answer: 300
Question 31
Marks: 2
A thin film of an incompressible, Newtonian liquid (density 𝜌,viscosity 𝜇) with an uniform thickness (h) is flowing down on a vertical plate. The flow is driven by gravity (𝑔) alone. Assume zero shear stress condition at the free surface. The maximum velocity is given by

- A. 1 2𝜇𝜌𝑔ℎ2
- B. 1 4𝜇𝜌𝑔ℎ2
- C. 1 𝜇𝜌𝑔ℎ2
- D. 1 8𝜇𝜌𝑔ℎ2
Answer: A. 1 2𝜇𝜌𝑔ℎ2
Question 32
Marks: 2
A one-eighth scale model of a car is to be tested in a wind tunnel. If the air velocity over the car is 16 m/s, what should be the air velocity (in m/s) in the wind tunnel in order to achieve similarity between the model and the prototype?
Answer: D. 128
Question 33
Marks: 2
A set of basic dimensions, mass, length, and time are represented by M, L, and T, respectively. What will be the dimensions of pressure in M-L-T system?
- A. ML−1T −2
- B. MLT −2
- C. MLT −1
- D. ML−1T −1
Answer: A. ML−1T −2
Question 34
Marks: 2
Consider a fluid flow around an airfoil as shown in figure. The directions of drag force and lift force, respectively are along

- A. OA and OC.
- B. OA and OD.
- C. OB and OC.
- D. OB and OD.
Answer: D. OB and OD.
Question 35
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A vessel which contains a volatile liquid and its vapour is connected with a mercury manometer as shown in figure. Both the liquid and vapour phases are at equilibrium. The vapour pressure and density of the volatile liquid are 107.6 kPa and 700 kg/m3, respectively. The density of the mercury is 13600 kg/m3. Acceleration due to gravity (g) is 10 m/s2 and atmospheric pressure is 101 kPa. Hydrostatic pressure created by the weight of the vapour is neglected. The height, h (in m, rounded off to two decimal places) of the mercury column in figure is _________.

Answer: 0.09 to 0.11
Question 36
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
The velocity in a one-dimensional flow is given by 𝑢(𝑥) = 𝑎 (𝑏−𝑥)2 m/s, where 𝑎= 8 m3/s and 𝑏= 4 m. The acceleration (in m/s2, answer in integer) at 𝑥= 2 m is _____.
Answer: 4
Question 37
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
Consider two parallel plates separated by a distance of 1 cm filled with a Newtonian fluid of viscosity 10-3 Pa.s. The top plate is moving with a velocity of 1 m/s whereas the bottom plate is stationary. The shear stress (in Pa, rounded off to one decimal place) on the top plate is _____ .
Answer: 0.1
Question 38
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A circular water jet of diameter 50 mm impinges with a velocity of 18 m/s normal to a plate. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3 and gravity force is neglected. The magnitude of net force (in N, rounded off to two decimal places) imparted by the jet on the stationary plate is _______________.

Answer: 635.00 to 637.00
Question 39
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
Consider the steady, incompressible flow of water in a horizontal pipe of constant diameter 1 m with an inlet velocity of 12 m/s. As shown in figure, water is lost through a circular hole of diameter 0.6 m at the rate of 4.53 m3/s. The outlet velocity (in m/s, rounded off to two decimal places) of water in the pipe is ______.

Answer: 6.00 to 6.50
Question 40
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
The axial velocity profile of a laminar, incompressible and fully-developed flow in a circular pipe of radius (R) is given as 𝑢𝑧= − 1 4𝜇 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑧𝑅2 (1 − 𝑟2 𝑅2), where r, 𝑧, 𝜇, and 𝑝 are radial direction, axial direction, fluid viscosity, and pressure, respectively. If the average velocity of the flow is given by 𝑢𝑧,𝑎𝑣𝑔= 1 𝐾(− 𝑅2 𝜇 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑧), then the value of K (answer in integer) is ______.
Answer: 8
Question 41
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
The velocity potential function in a two-dimensional flow field is given by 𝜙(𝑥, 𝑦) = −(𝑎𝑥𝑦+ 𝑏𝑥2 −𝑏𝑦2) m2/s where a = 2 per second and b = 0.5 per second. The magnitude of the velocity (in m/s, answer in integer) at 𝑥= 2 m, 𝑦= 1 m is _____.
Answer: 5
Question 42
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
Consider the incompressible, steady and irrotational flow through a concentric reducer in a horizontal pipeline. The pipe diameter reduces from d1 = 12 cm to d2 = 4 cm as shown in figure. The pressure at position 1 and position 2 of the reducer is p1 = 55 kPa and p2 = 27 kPa, respectively. The specific weight of fluid is 7 kN/m3. Acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s2. Neglecting frictional effects, the mass flow rate (in kg/s, rounded off to two decimal places) of the fluid through the reducer is _____.

Answer: 7.85 to 8.11
Question 43
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
Consider the incompressible fluid flow over a flat plate with a free stream velocity, 𝑈∞= 1 m/s. The fluid kinematic viscosity is 10−6 m2/s and density is 1 kg/m3. The velocity profile within the boundary layer at any location 𝑥 is given by 𝑢(𝑦) = 𝑈∞( 3 2 𝑦 𝛿− 1 2 𝑦2 𝛿2), where boundary layer thickness, 𝛿= 4.64𝑥 √𝑅𝑒𝑥. The local wall shear stress at 𝑥= 1 m from the leading edge is _____ × 10 -3 N/m2 (rounded off to two decimal places).
Answer: 0.30 to 0.35
Solid Mechanics
Question 66
Marks: 1
The engineering stress (𝜎) vs. engineering strain (𝜀) curve obtained by conducting uniaxial tension test on a steel specimen is shown in the figure (the sketched curve is not to the scale). The specimen exhibits cup-and-cone failure within its gage length. Which point on the curve corresponds to the beginning of necking in the test specimen?

Answer: D. S
Question 67
Marks: 1
An L-shaped rigid member is fixed at the midpoint of a simply-supported beam, as shown in figure (i). The member is subjected to a vertically downward force P at its free end. In an equivalent system, the member along with the applied load is replaced with a force Q = P and a moment M (see figure (ii)). Which of the following statements is correct? (Neglect the mass of the beam and of the rigid member)

- A. M = P a
- B. M = P b
- C. M = P (a + b)
- D. M = 0
Answer: A. M = P a
Question 68
Marks: 1
A block of weight W, placed on a surface, is subjected to a horizontal force P as shown in the figure. The line of action of force P passes through the center-of- gravity of the block. The magnitude of P is such that the block remains at rest. If N is the resultant normal reaction exerted by the surface, and F is the frictional force acting on the bottom surface of the block, then which of the following represents the correct free body diagram of the block?

Answer: B.
Question 69
Marks: 1
A mass M is hung from a frictionless, massless pulley. The pulley is suspended by using an inextensible, massless rope of which one end is directly fixed to a support, and the other end is connected to the support through a linear spring of stiffness constant k (see figure). The natural frequency of this system is

- A. √4𝑘 𝑀
- B. √2𝑘 𝑀
- C. √𝑘 𝑀
- D. √𝑘 2𝑀
Answer: A. √4𝑘 𝑀
Question 70
Marks: 1
A simply-supported beam of rectangular cross-section (width w and height h) is subjected to the loads as shown in the figure (i). The enlarged view of the beam cross-section is shown in figure (ii). The coordinate system is indicated in the figures. Assuming Euler-Bernoulli beam approximation, the shear stress 𝜏𝑥𝑧 and normal stress 𝜎𝑥𝑥 at the origin, O are respectively given by

- A. 3𝑃 2𝑤ℎ, 3𝑃𝐿 2𝑤ℎ2
- B. 0 , 3𝑃𝐿 2𝑤ℎ2
- C. 3𝑃 2𝑤ℎ , 0
- D. 0 , 0
Answer: D. 0 , 0
Question 71
Marks: 1
An ice-skater starts spinning during her performance. As she retracts her arms and legs closer to her body, her angular velocity _________________.
- A. increases
- B. decreases
- C. remains the same
- D. goes to zero
Answer: A. increases
Question 72
Type: MSQ | Marks: 1
A solid circular shaft of diameter 100 mm is subjected to a torque 3𝜋 kNm. Which of the following statements about the state of stress in the shaft is/are correct?
- A. The maximum shear stress is 48 MPa
- B. The maximum tensile stress is 48 MPa
- C. The magnitude of maximum compressive stress is 48 MPa
- D. The magnitude of shear stress is 48 MPa at all points in the shaft
Answer: A. The maximum shear stress is 48 MPa; B. The maximum tensile stress is 48 MPa; C. The magnitude of maximum compressive stress is 48 MPa
Question 73
Type: NAT | Marks: 1
A spring is connected to an elastic bar as shown in the figure. The spring has a stiffness constant of 107 N/m. The bar is 70 mm long, and has an area of cross- section 10 mm2. The Young’s modulus of the bar material is 70,000 MPa. A force F = 5000 N is applied at point O along the axis of the bar and the spring. The resulting deflection of Point O in mm (rounded to one decimal place) is ______

Answer: 0.9 to 1.1
Question 74
Type: NAT | Marks: 1
A particle of mass 1 kg is attached to one end of a spring having stiffness of 125 N/m. The free length of the spring is 100 mm. The system is rotated about the other end of the spring at a uniform angular velocity of 5 rad/s. Ignore gravity and consider that the elongation of the spring may be comparable to the free length of the spring. The elongation of the spring (in mm, rounded off to the nearest integer) is ______ .
Answer: 24 to 26
Question 75
Marks: 2
A 0-45-90 strain gauge rosette is mounted on an aircraft wing. The co-ordinate system is placed such that the strain gauges p, q and r are oriented at angles 0o, 45o and 90o, respectively, from the x axis (see figure). The strain readings associated to p, q and r are denoted by 𝜀𝑝, 𝜀𝑞, and 𝜀𝑟 , respectively. While conducting a test the strain gauges show the following readings. 𝜀𝑝= 150 × 10−6, 𝜀𝑞= 180 × 10−6, 𝜀𝑟= −90 × 10−6 The developed engineering shear strain 𝛾𝑥𝑦 associated to the strain gauge data is

- A. 120 × 10−6
- B. 180 × 10−6
- C. 300 × 10−6
- D. 240 × 10−6
Answer: C. 300 × 10−6
Question 76
Marks: 2
A rigid bar PQR is hinged at its end P. As shown in the figure, the bar is pin- connected through two identical links QS and RT at points Q and R, respectively. The other ends of the links, S and T, are fixed. Both links are made of the same material. If the temperature of the links is uniformly increased by ΔT, then which one of the following statements is correct? (Neglect the weight of the rigid bar)

- A. Both QS and RT will be stress free.
- B. Both QS and RT will be under tension.
- C. Both QS and RT will be under compression.
- D. QS will be under compression and RT will be under tension.
Answer: D. QS will be under compression and RT will be under tension.
Question 77
Marks: 2
A pin-jointed truss has a pin support at the point E and a roller support at the point F. A horizontal force P is applied at pin H as shown in the figure. Which one of the members is in compression ?

Answer: C. EG
Question 78
Marks: 2
Two identical rigid slender bars of length 2L and mass 𝑚 are acted upon by a transverse force F at one of the ends as shown in the figure. In the first case, the bar is pinned at the other end. In the second case, the bar is pinned at its mid-point. What should be the magnitude of the force F such that the resulting angular accelerations of the two bars are equal?

- A. 𝑚𝑔
- B. 𝑚𝑔 2
- C. 𝑚𝑔 4
- D. 𝑚𝑔 6
Answer: B. 𝑚𝑔 2
Question 79
Type: MSQ | Marks: 2
A critical point on a component is subjected to the state of stress [𝜎] as given in the following. The yield strength of the material is 400 MPa. By considering maximum shear stress (Tresca) theory, the possible value(s) of 𝜎0 at the onset of yielding is/are, [𝜎] =[ 280 0 0 0 𝜎𝑜 0 0 0 −60 ] MPa
- A. 340
- B. 680
- C. ̶ 120
- D. ̶ 460
Answer: A. 340; C. ̶ 120
Question 80
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A plane passing through a point Q inside a body is shown. The unit normal of the plane is 𝑛̂ = 0.6𝑖̂ + 0.8𝑗̂ , as shown in the figure. The traction (stress) vector on the plane at point Q is given by 𝑡 = (50𝑖̂ + 20𝑗̂) MPa. Given that at point Q, 𝜎𝑥𝑥= 𝜎𝑦𝑦 , the shear stress component 𝜏𝑥𝑦 (in MPa, rounded off to two decimal places) is ___________ .

Answer: 99.00 to 101.00
Question 81
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A rigid massless bar PQR is hinged at its end P and supported through a spring of stiffness k at point Q. A vertically downward force W = 560 N is applied at the free end R of the bar. If the vertical component of the displacement at R is 30 mm, then the stiffness of the spring (in kN/m, rounded off to one decimal place) is ___.

Answer: 41.0 to 43.0
Question 82
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A beam of rectangular cross-section, as shown in the figure, is made of two perfectly bonded layers of different materials and equal thickness. The Young’s moduli of the two materials are 𝐸1 and 𝐸2, where 𝐸1 = 2𝐸2. The beam is subjected to pure bending. If t = 1 mm, the distance of the neutral plane from the top surface of the beam is ______ (in mm, rounded off to two decimal places).

Answer: 0.80 to 0.85
Question 83
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A stepped beam is made of a material whose Young’s modulus is E. The dimensions of the two stepped sections are such that the sectional moments of inertia, 𝐼1and 𝐼2, are related as 𝐼1 = 8𝐼2. The beam is fixed at one end and a load of F is applied at the free end as shown in the figure. Under this loading condition, if the strain energy of the stepped beam is written as 𝑈= 𝛽 𝐹2𝐿3 𝐸𝐼1 , then the value of 𝛽 is ________ (rounded off to two decimal places).

Answer: 0.29 to 0.33
Question 84
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A cylindrical pressure vessel is constructed by bolting two symmetric halves of flanged semi-cylindrical shells. A cross-sectional view of the vessel is shown in the figure. The inner diameter of the vessel is 2 m and the length is 10 m. Each row comprises 100 bolts along the length of the vessel. If the vessel is pressurized to a net pressure of 6 x 105 N/m2, and assuming the end caps of the vessel do not take any load in the radial direction, then the load borne by each bolt is __________ (in kN, rounded off to one decimal place)

Answer: 59.5 to 60.5
Question 85
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A turn-table is rotating about its center with an angular velocity of 2 rad/s in the counter-clockwise direction. There is a groove in the turn-table within which a marble moves with a constant speed v m/s relative to the turn-table. At a given instant, the marble is at a radial distance of 1 m from the center and the line joining the center of the turn-table with the marble makes an angle of 30° with the groove. The value of v (in m/s, rounded off to one decimal place) for which there is no radial acceleration for the marble at this instant is _____.

Answer: 1.9 to 2.1
Question 86
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
The system shown in the figure is in static equilibrium. The spring is massless and has a spring constant of K=1 kN/m. The free length of the spring is 1 m. All bodies in the system except the spring are rigid and have mass of M=1 kg. All surfaces are frictionless and pin joints are ideal. The elongation of the spring (in mm, rounded off to the nearest integer) in this configuration is ______. Take the acceleration due to gravity 𝑔= 10 m/s2.

Answer: 14 to 16
Question 87
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A square block of side 1 m and mass 10 kg is resting on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of static friction between the block and the surface is 0.75. A horizontal force P acts on the block as shown in the figure. The force P is gradually increased from zero until the block either slides or topples. The maximum value of ℎ (in m, rounded off to two decimal places) for which the block slides without toppling is _____. Take the acceleration due to gravity 𝑔= 10 m/s2.

Answer: 0.66 to 0.68
Thermodynamics
Question 88
Marks: 1
A heat source at temperature 𝑇𝐻 transfers the same amount of heat to a sink under the following situations: Case A: Sink is at temperature 𝑇𝐿,1 Case B: Sink is at temperature 𝑇𝐿,2 If 𝑇𝐿,1 <𝑇𝐿,2, which one of the following statements is TRUE?
- A. The reversibility is the same, and the entropy generation is greater than zero for Cases A and B
- B. Case B is less reversible with the entropy generation greater than zero
- C. Case B is more reversible with the entropy generation greater than zero
- D. Case B is more reversible with the entropy generation equal to zero
Answer: C. Case B is more reversible with the entropy generation greater than zero
Question 89
Marks: 1
Given 𝑣 is the molar specific volume, 𝑃 is the pressure, 𝑇 is the temperature, 𝑅 is the Universal gas constant, and 𝑎, 𝑏 are van der Waal’s constants. The van der Waal’s equation of state is 𝑃= 𝑅𝑇 𝑣−𝑏−𝑎 𝑣2 The value of ( 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑇) 𝑃( 𝜕𝑃 𝜕𝑣) 𝑇( 𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑃) 𝑣 is
Answer: B. −1
Question 90
Marks: 1
The temperature of 10g of liquid water (𝑐𝑝= 4.2J/g.K) in an insulated container is raised by 5K by stirring. The amount of heat transferred to the water (in J) is
Answer: C. 0
Question 91
Marks: 1
The figure shows four different processes labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4 for the same closed system containing an ideal gas. The curves labeled 𝑇1, 𝑇2, and 𝑇3 are isotherms. For which one of the these four processes, the magnitude of internal energy change is the highest?

- A. Process 1
- B. Process 2
- C. Process 3
- D. Process 4
Answer: A. Process 1
Question 92
Marks: 1
A power plant operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle. If superheating is added to this cycle, then which one of the following options is CORRECT ?
- A. Pump work increases, turbine work output increases, cycle efficiency increases, and moisture content at turbine exit increases
- B. Pump work remains same, turbine work output increases, cycle efficiency increases, and moisture content at turbine exit increases
- C. Pump work remains same, turbine work output increases, cycle efficiency increases, and moisture content at turbine exit decreases
- D. Pump work decreases, turbine work output increases, cycle efficiency increases, and moisture content at turbine exit decreases
Answer: C. Pump work remains same, turbine work output increases, cycle efficiency increases, and moisture content at turbine exit decreases
Question 93
Type: MSQ | Marks: 1
Consider a mixture of ideal gases with total pressure, volume, and temperature as 𝑃, 𝑉, and 𝑇, respectively. The partial pressure, number of moles, and temperature of each component “𝑖” of the mixture are 𝑃𝑖 , 𝑁𝑖 , and 𝑇𝑖 , respectively. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE ?
- A. 𝑇= ∑𝑇𝑖 𝑖
- B. 𝑃= ∑𝑃𝑖 𝑖
- C. 𝑉= ∑𝑁𝑖𝑅𝑇 𝑃 𝑖
- D. 𝑉= ∑𝑁𝑖𝑅𝑇 𝑃𝑖 𝑖
Answer: A. 𝑇= ∑𝑇𝑖 𝑖
Question 94
Type: MSQ | Marks: 1
Two rigid, impermeable containers 𝐴 and 𝐵 are filled with an ideal gas. They are allowed to exchange heat only with each other and not with the surroundings. 𝑃, 𝑉, 𝑁, and 𝑇 represent the pressure, total volume, number of moles, and temperature, respectively. At equilibrium, which of the following conditions is/are necessarily satisfied? (Subscripts 𝐴 and 𝐵 represent properties of the gas in the respective containers.)
- A. 𝑃𝐴= 𝑃𝐵
- B. 𝑇𝐴= 𝑇𝐵
- C. 𝑃𝐴𝑉𝐴 𝑁𝐴 = 𝑃𝐵𝑉𝐵 𝑁𝐵
- D. 𝑃𝐴 𝑉𝐴 = 𝑃𝐵 𝑉𝐵
Answer: B. 𝑇𝐴= 𝑇𝐵; C. 𝑃𝐴𝑉𝐴 𝑁𝐴 = 𝑃𝐵𝑉𝐵 𝑁𝐵
Question 95
Type: NAT | Marks: 1
Following data is for an actual vapour compression refrigeration cycle. Enthalpy at compressor inlet: 246kJ/kg Enthalpy at compressor exit: 286kJ/kg Heat load on the evaporator: 158kJ/kg The enthalpy at the exit of the condenser in kJ/kg is ________ (rounded off to the nearest integer).
Answer: 88
Question 96
Type: NAT | Marks: 1
A rigid tank, initially at 1bar and300K, contains 5moles of 𝑂2, 4moles of 𝑁2 , and 3moles of 𝐻2 . From this tank, 2moles of 𝑂2 are removed keeping the temperature constant. Assuming ideal gas behaviour, the final partial pressure of 𝑂2 (in bar) inside the tank is _______ (rounded off to three decimal places). Use 𝑅 = 8.314J/mol.K Molecular weights of 𝐻2, 𝑁2 and 𝑂2 are 2g/mol, 28g/mol, and 32g/mol respectively.
Answer: 0.249 to 0.251
Question 97
Marks: 2
A fixed mass of an ideal gas undergoes two different cycles M and N as shown in the Pressure (𝑃) – Volume (𝑉) diagrams. Based on the information provided, which one of the following statements is always TRUE ?

- A. Heat input in Cycle M is equal to heat input in Cycle N
- B. Heat rejected in Cycle M is equal to heat rejected in Cycle N
- C. Net heat transfer in Cycle M is equal to net heat transfer in Cycle N
- D. Thermal efficiency of Cycle M is equal to thermal efficiency of Cycle N
Answer: C. Net heat transfer in Cycle M is equal to net heat transfer in Cycle N
Question 98
Marks: 2
In a graph with Helmholtz function on the 𝑦–axis and volume on the 𝑥–axis, the slope of the isothermal curves for a finite volume system containing an ideal gas is
- A. always zero
- B. infinite
- C. finite, positive, and non-zero
- D. finite, negative, and non-zero
Answer: D. finite, negative, and non-zero
Question 99
Marks: 2
Match each quantity in Column M with the appropriate relation from Column N. Here, 𝜓 is Helmholtz function, 𝑃 is pressure, 𝑣 is specific volume, 𝑇 is temperature, ℎ is specific enthalpy, and 𝑠 is specific entropy. Column M Column N (M1)𝑣 (M2)𝑃 (M3)𝑠 (M4)𝑇 (N1)−𝜕𝜓 𝜕𝑣| 𝑇 (N2) 𝜕𝜓 𝜕𝑣| 𝑇 (N3) 𝜕𝜓 𝜕𝑇| 𝑣 (N4)− 𝜕𝜓 𝜕𝑇| 𝑣 (N5)𝜕ℎ 𝜕𝑃| 𝑠 (N6)− 𝜕ℎ 𝜕𝑠| 𝑃 (N7) − 𝜕ℎ 𝜕𝑃| 𝑠 (N8) 𝜕ℎ 𝜕𝑠| 𝑃
- A. M1-N5, M2-N1, M3-N4, M4-N7
- B. M1-N6, M2-N2, M3-N3, M4-N8
- C. M1-N5, M2-N1, M3-N4, M4-N8
- D. M1-N8, M2-N1, M3-N4, M4-N5
Answer: C. M1-N5, M2-N1, M3-N4, M4-N8
Question 100
Marks: 2
10kg of water at 300K is poured into a bucket containing 10kg of water at 350K. Heat capacity of water is 4.2kJ/kg.K . Neglecting any heat losses to the surroundings, the change in the entropy (in kJ/K) of the system during this process (rounded off to two decimal places) is
- A. 0.00
- B. 0.25
- C. 0.50
- D. 0.75
Answer: B. 0.25
Question 101
Marks: 2
A Carnot engine operates between two temperatures T1 and T2 such that T1 > T2. If the thermal efficiency of the engine is to be increased by changing one of the temperatures by a constant amount ∆T > 0, which one of the following cases will give the highest increase in efficiency?
- A. Increasing T1 by ∆T while keeping T2 constant
- B. Decreasing T1 by ∆T while keeping T2 constant
- C. Increasing T2 by ∆T while keeping T1 constant
- D. Decreasing T2 by ∆T while keeping T1 constant
Answer: D. Decreasing T2 by ∆T while keeping T1 constant
Question 102
Marks: 2
The equation of state for a non-ideal gas is 𝑃𝑣 𝑅𝑇= 1 + 𝐵𝑃 where 𝑃 is pressure, 𝑣 is specific volume, 𝑅 is the specific gas constant, 𝑇 is temperature, and 𝐵 is a temperature dependent parameter. For this gas, the partial derivative of enthalpy with respect to pressure at constant temperature is
- A. 𝐵𝑅𝑇
- B. −𝑅𝑇2 (𝑑𝐵 𝑑𝑇)
- C. 𝐵𝑅𝑇−𝑅𝑇2 (𝑑𝐵 𝑑𝑇)
- D. 0
Answer: B. −𝑅𝑇2 (𝑑𝐵 𝑑𝑇)
Question 103
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
Consider the following data from a Brayton cycle. Enthalpy at inlet to turbine: 1400kJ/kg Enthalpy at exit of turbine: 880kJ/kg Enthalpy at exit of compressor: 600kJ/kg On adding a regenerator of effectiveness equal to 0.8, the absolute value of percentage change in heat addition is __________ (rounded off to the nearest integer).
Answer: 28
Question 104
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
An ideal gas undergoes a series of reversible steady state, steady flow processes between states 1, 2, and 3. Process 1→2 satisfies the relation 𝑃+ 800𝑣= 900, where pressure, 𝑃 is in kPa and specific volume, 𝑣 is in m3/kg. Process 2→3 is isochoric. Given that 𝑣1 = 0.5m3/kg, 𝑣2 = 𝑣3 = 1m3/kg, 𝑃3 𝑃2 = 4, the total work done per unit mass (in kJ/kg) in the series of processes 1→2→3 is _________ (rounded off to the nearest integer).
Answer: 0
Question 105
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
Air (assumed as an ideal gas) with a mass flow rate of 2.5kg/s enters a horizontal nozzle at 350K, 350kPa with a velocity of 3m/s. The air exits the nozzle at a pressure of 101.5kPa and temperature 305K with a Mach number of 9 7 . Assuming steady state operation and constant properties given in the data, the ratio of inlet area to exit area required to satisfy the exit condition is ___________ (rounded off to one decimal place). Use the following data: 𝛾= 1.4, 𝑐𝑝= 1.011kJ/kg.K, 𝑅= 0.287kJ/kg.K
Answer: 49.0 to 51.0
Question 106
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
The melting point of a substance at 1bar is 273K. The following property data is available for this substance at 1bar. Density of the solid phase 900kg/m3 Density of the liquid phase 1000kg/m3 Latent heat for melting 300kJ/kg Assuming that the above properties are constant, the melting point (in K) of the substance at 101bar is ________ (rounded off to two decimal places).
Answer: 271.50 to 272.50
Question 107
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
100moles of moist air at 70% relative humidity is cooled from 70oC to 50oC at a constant pressure of 1bar. The vapour pressures of water are given in the table. The number of moles of water left in the moist air at the end of this process is _________(rounded off to two decimal places). 𝐓𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞(𝐨𝐂) 𝐕𝐚𝐩𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐞(𝐤𝐏𝐚) 50 12.34 70 31.16
Answer: 10.50 to 11.50
Question 108
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A rigid insulated tank containing an ideal gas at 300 K and 1bar is being filled from an external pressurized line supplying the same gas at 300 K and 10bar. When the mass of gas inside the tank has doubled, its temperature (in K) is _______ (rounded off to the nearest integer). Assume ratio of specific heats to be constant for this process and equal to 1.4.
Answer: 359 to 361
Question 109
Type: NAT | Marks: 2
A piston-cylinder system contains 2kg of wet steam at 90oC with quality of 0.1 . The piston is loaded with a linear spring. The steam expands to 800kPa and 250oC on heating. The work done (in kJ) in this process is ______ (rounded off to two decimal places). Use the following data: At 90oC: 𝑃𝑠𝑎𝑡= 70kPa, 𝑣𝑓= 0.001m3/kg, 𝑣𝑔= 2.4m3/kg At 250oC and 800kPa: 𝑣 = 0.29m3/kg
Answer: 40.000 to 44.500